Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus

Juvenile diabetes mellitus - Juvenile diabetes, once known as diabetes type 1 or insulin-dependent, diabetes is a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to allow the sugar (glucose) enters the cell to produce energy.

Different factors, including genetics and some viruses, can lead to type 1 diabetes. Although type 1 diabetes usually occurs during childhood or adolescence, can develop in adults.

Although the research is active, type 1 diabetes has no cure. Juvenile diabetes mellitus - Treatment focuses on managing blood sugar levels with insulin, diet, and lifestyle to prevent complications.

Signs and symptoms of type 1 diabetes can appear relatively suddenly and may include:

• Increased thirst
• Frequent urination
• Bed wetting in children who previously did not wet the bed at night
• Extreme hunger
• Weight loss unwanted
• Irritability and mood swings more
• Fatigue and weakness
• Blurred vision

Consult your doctor if you notice the signs and symptoms of the above on you or your child.

The correct reason for sort 1 diabetes isn't known. Normally, the immune system itself-which is usually against harmful bacteria and viruses-mistakenly destroying insulin-producing cells (small islands, or islands of Langerhans) in the pancreas. Other causes may include:

• Genetics
• Exposure to viruses and other environmental factors

The role of insulin
So a large number of islet cell is destroyed, you will produce little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is derived from the glands located behind and below the abdomen (pancreas).

• The pancreas secretes insulin into the bloodstream.
• Insulin circulates, allowing sugar enters Your cells.
• Insulin brings down the measure of sugar in your circulation system. 
• When your blood sugar levels go down, so does Your insulin secretion from the pancreas.

The role of glucose
Glucose-sugar-is the main source of energy for the cells that make up the muscles and other tissues.

• Glucose comes from two main sources: food and your heart.
• Sugar is absorbed into the bloodstream, where it enters the cells with the help of insulin.
• Your heart stores glucose as glycogen.
• When Your glucose levels are low, such as when you are not eating a few moments, the liver breaks down stored glycogen into glucose to keep Your glucose levels in the normal range.

In type 1 diabetes, there is no insulin to allow glucose entry into cells, so the sugar builds up in your bloodstream. Juvenile diabetes mellitus - This can cause life-threatening complications.

Some of the known risk factors for type 1 diabetes include:

• Family history. Anyone with a parent or sibling with type 1 diabetes have a slightly increased risk of developing the condition.
• Genetics. The presence of a certain gene showed an increased risk of type 1 diabetes.
• Geography. The occurrence of sort 1 diabetes will in general increment as you travel far from the equator. 
• Age. Although type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, he appeared on two peaks are visible. The first peak occurred in children between 4 and 7 years old, and the second was in children between 10 and 14 years old.

Over time, type 1 diabetes complications can affect major organs in your body, including the heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes, and kidneys. Juvenile diabetes mellitus - Maintaining a normal blood sugar level can dramatically reduce the risk of many complications.

Finally, complications of diabetes may cripple or even life-threatening.

• Diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Diabetes dramatically increases the risk of cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke, narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis) and high blood pressure.
• Nerve damage (neuropathy). Excess sugar can injure the walls of small blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish your nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain usually starts at the end of a toe or finger and gradually spreads upward. Uncontrolled blood sugar can cause you to end up losing all the feeling in the affected parts of the body. Harm to the nerves that influence the gastrointestinal tract can cause issues with sickness, heaving, loose bowels or obstruction. For men, erectile dysfunction may be a problem.
• Kidney damage (nephropathy). The kidneys contain millions of tiny blood vessels cluster that filter waste from your blood. Diabetes can damage the intricate filtering system. Severe damage can lead to kidney failure or end-stage renal disease are irreversible, which requires dialysis or a kidney transplant.
• Damage to the eye. Diabetes can harm the veins of the retina (diabetic retinopathy), conceivably causing visual impairment. Diabetes likewise expands the danger of different genuine vision conditions, for example, waterfalls and glaucoma. 
• Damage to the feet. Nerve harm in the feet or poor bloodstream to the feet expands the danger of different foot confusions. Left untreated, cuts and blisters can be a serious infection, which in turn may require amputation of the feet, legs or feet.
• The condition of the skin and mouth. Diabetes can make you more susceptible to infections of the skin and mouth, including bacterial and fungal infections. Gum disease and dry mouth are also more likely to occur.
• Complications of pregnancy. High blood sugar levels can be dangerous for the mother and her baby. The risk of miscarriage, birth death, and birth defects increase when diabetes is not well controlled. For the mother, diabetes increases the risk of Diabetic Ketoacidosis, diabetic eye problems (retinopathy), high blood pressure and preeclampsia pregnancy induced.

There is no known method to anticipate type 1 diabetes. But researchers are working to prevent disease or further destruction of islet cells in people who are recently diagnosed. Juvenile diabetes mellitus - Ask your doctor if you are eligible for one of these clinical trials, but carefully consider the risks and benefits of any treatments available in the experiment.

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